Reduction and Control Technologies
Overview
Principles of NOx Reduction
Fuel Switching
Combustion Control
Flue Gas Treatment
Fuel Reburning
Choosing the Best NOx Technology for the Job
Summary and References
Summary of NOx Reduction Performance
The actual performance of low NOx technologies is influenced by several factors, including fuel type, degree of control applied, the boiler’s design and operating conditions. The table below summarizes typical reductions that are achievable from the technologies discussed. Equipment vendors should be contacted for the emission levels resulting from their specific technology for your specific application. Newer equipment developed in the last few years may exhibit even better performance.
Click on image for larger view
References and Further Information
- “Alternative Control Techniques Document – NOx Emissions from Industrial/Commerical/Institutional (ICI) Boilers”; U.S. EPA Document No. EPA-453/R-94-022); March 1994. (available from EPA website: www.epa/gov/ttn/catc/products.html)
- “Guide to Low-Emission Boiler and Combustion Equipment Selection”; by C.B. Oland; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Report No. ORNL/TM-2002-19; April 2002. (available from the DOE website: www.oit.doe.gov/bestpractices/steam/pdfs/guide_low_emission.pdf)
- “Boiler NOx Control Field Manual”; Prepared for AGA by TA Engineering; AGA Catalog No. S00509; November 1994.
- “NOx Control Technologies for Boilers”; Boiler Efficiency Institute; 1992.
- “Combustion Control Techniques to Reduce NOx Emissions from Industrial Boilers”; by A. Zaidi and S. Kumar; Pulp and Paper Canada 96(6): T231-235 (June 1995).
- “An Energy Efficiency Primer for Boilers and Heaters”; Natural Resources Canada – Office of Energy Efficiency; Prepared by Federal Industrial Boiler Program, Natural Resources Canada; ISBN 0-7778-9536-6; March 2000.
- “Boiler Emissions Reference Guide”; Cleaver Brooks; 2nd edition. (available at Cleaver Brooks web-site: www.cleaver-brooks.com; under Technical Information, then Efficiency/Emissions)